Kiloamp Technology - The Global Provider of Electronic Security Protection
Kiloamp 2018-08-28 475
The matrix is the core component of the video surveillance system. Its most basic function is to switch the video image from any input channel to any output channel output. The emergence of the matrix is due to the gradual expansion of the video surveillance system, the increasing number of video sources, one-to-one display is impossible, to solve the display, switching and distribution of a large number of video images must use a matrix. The application of matrix in China's video surveillance system has been in the past ten years. With the continuous updating of science and technology and the continuous development of market demand, the matrix is constantly changing and perfecting.
The development of the matrix has gone through several stages. In the early 1990s, the matrix was gradually applied to the domestic video surveillance system. At this time, the matrices were all analog matrices, and they were basically imported from abroad. At that time, the matrix system was introduced in a whole set, but the domestic manufacturers were able to do client-side software development for the entire monitoring system, and realize the switching and control of video images by workstations/servers and ordinary PCs. At this time, the application of the matrix is relatively simple, but it is used as the core management control device of the independent system, but its scalable modular structure, the networking mode supporting any topology, and the friendly interface providing value-added development all provide video surveillance. The rapid development of the system provides protection.
In the late 1990s, with the improvement of the requirements of monitoring systems and the further popularization of video surveillance in many fields, the analog matrix has developed rapidly and basically improved. The matrix has entered the era of analog networking, in terms of capacity, networking and function expansion. There has been a big improvement.
The development time of the analog matrix is relatively long, and the stability and maturity of the system are better. However, as the system develops towards the complex long-distance transmission, the video quality is reduced after multiple matrix switching, and the transmission path itself has chain loss. The transmission quality is degraded, and the image is not clear when multi-level calls are involved. The analog matrix is not very suitable for future system requirements, and the development of the digital matrix begins to enter the manufacturer's plan.
Different from the analog matrix, the digital matrix is mainly composed of a video coding and decoding device and a management software platform. The network is a video exchange platform, and the switching between the input video and the output video is performed in a data packet exchange manner. Functionally, it also increases the capacity of capacity expansion, configuration flexibility, and distributed work. Obviously, the industry has solved many problems of the traditional analog matrix.
Compared with the imitation matrix, the digital matrix has obvious advantages and is given more functions: in the traditional imitation matrix DVR plan, the matrix and the DVR are each operated separately, and the requirements are separately manipulated, and the digital matrix is selected, which can be completed through one control channel. For the manipulation of the switching matrix and the DVR, the operation interface can be developed freely by the secondary developer under Windows or Linux. The digital matrix is more sensitive and convenient; in the digital matrix, according to the digital processing of the picture: the video signal superposition can be completed. Together with the switch, the picture is processed a lot, such as superimposed characters, superimposed pictures, area cover, etc. From these aspects, it can be seen that the digital matrix is powerful; finally, the system is stable, the digital matrix DVR is planned, and the system integration is high. Low power consumption and high stability.
The application of the network has made the world a "global village". In the security field, the network makes remote monitoring possible. The analog matrix relies on coaxial cable for the transmission of analog signal in the baseband, and its transmission distance is short, which is more than enough for large-scale industries such as safe city and port. The digital matrix cascades the monitoring centers through the network to realize multi-level authority control management. The matrix network cascading system consists of a central matrix and a multi-node matrix. Each matrix has an independent IP address and data is exchanged through the Ethernet port. The node matrix uploads the local video to the central matrix, and the central matrix can image switch and control the cameras of all node matrices. For large projects such as the Safe City category, the networking of the matrix enables remote monitoring and cross-regional calls.
With these application advantages in hand, the digital matrix has failed to capture the surveillance matrix application market, and digital technology has become the biggest obstacle. In the application, the digital matrix can not guarantee the real-time performance of audio and video transmission, because it depends on the encoding and decoding speed of the front-end camera and the terminal processing device and the transmission efficiency of the IP switching network. The network signal has a serious impact on the degree of video reproduction. Many networked transmissions are common due to the lack of a dedicated network and packet loss. In addition, since the front-end cameras are still mainly shock-proof, and there are still many problems in the coexistence of compression coding, the cost is high, and it is still difficult for the digital system to independently support large-area monitoring. These problems are all given to the digital matrix. The application brings a lot of flaws.
Under the trend of the digital tide, the traditional analog matrix has been difficult to significantly expand its own space. Although there are still many shortcomings in the use of digital matrix, from the perspective of the overall trend, the mainstreaming of digital technology is only a matter of time, and these flaws have been unable to change the mainstream application trend of digital matrix. Among them, transmission stability and compatibility issues are two major flaws in the digital matrix that need to be solved.
In the future application, due to the continuous improvement of the front-end camera, and the continuous improvement of the pursuit of high-definition, and even large-scale management such as safe city or safe community, the high requirements in terms of clarity and transmission distance will be It is undoubtedly a great test for the application of the digital matrix to the digital matrix. If the restrictions on the packet loss or the transmission medium cannot be solved as soon as possible, then no one will put the high-quality picture or the long-distance transmission data on the digital matrix at the risk of “destroying it once”.
Furthermore, it is the issue of compatibility. In future applications, the concept of convergence will be fully penetrated into every corner of the security system. From the spatial integration of different regions to the unified management of different devices, integration has already become an important trend in the future security development. However, from the current practical application, when facing different types of surveillance cameras in the system, such as analog, network or digital, the digital matrix is difficult to control in many cases, and this also requires monitoring hardware and software devices of the matrix. Can be compensated for in the process of continuous improvement in the future.
The input and output signals of the analog matrix are single and only the CVBS standard interface, so there is no compatibility problem. The high-definition digital matrix often includes various signal interfaces such as VGA/DVI/SDI/YPbPr, which is prone to various signal compatibility problems. The hybrid matrix identifies the mode of the access signal, converts the resolution, etc., and then decodes the information. If you don't do well, you can only identify a limited number of high-definition formats. In addition, for network signals, the format of data encoding is more diverse, and compatibility problems are more likely to occur.
Due to the different products of each manufacturer, the switching protocols of devices of multiple manufacturers are different, and cannot be controlled by a unified control protocol. At present, there are many matrix products, and the control protocols are not uniform. In the true sense, the products can be completely compatible with each other's products. The actual application in the project will also find that it is completely compatible with foreign well-known brand products. The major matrix manufacturers agree that the industry should develop a consistent protocol format, which is mainly reflected in the standards of video codec technology, standardization between networked signaling and interfaces, and standardization of interfaces between service applications and management. In the industry, it is reflected in the standardization of interfaces between different levels by different manufacturers. In particular, the network video signal encoding format, if each manufacturer follows a unified protocol, products of different manufacturers are likely to be better compatible, and achieve interconnection and interoperability.
Matrix has evolved to today, in addition to basic video switching, image inspection and other functions, the current matrix may also have platform functions, such as video processing, video retrieval, intelligent analysis. With the development of safe city, smart city concept and Internet of Things technology, video surveillance systems are increasingly being developed into intelligent applications. The user's needs have also evolved from the early video signals that only need to be switched clearly and clearly available. It is necessary for machine equipment to provide more upper-layer applications based on the original video signal; in the face of more and more massive equipment and information, users are increasingly required to use intelligent applications to replace human resources to process information, artificial intelligence. It can identify, count, summarize, and mine information to assist users in making decisions and get rid of the heavy labor such as manual video inspection, monitoring, and equipment maintenance. As a result, the matrix also shifts from providing only the original video signal and switching functions to providing more upper-layer applications, and loading more application requirements based on the provision of video signal-switched transmission, thereby promoting the matrix to platform development.
In the construction of a safe city that is now hot, the trend of networking, digitization, and high-definition has become more apparent, and the digital matrix market has also ushered in a new round of "fancy." Relevant information shows that in the past two years, the demand for high-definition digital matrix has been growing at a high rate, and the total demand has reached 15% of the entire matrix market. More relevant organizations predict that the video matrix market will reach a scale of more than one billion yuan this year. In the sub-markets of various security projects, not only the high-definition digitization requirements of the matrix are proposed, but also customized products that make relevant functions for each segment. The digital matrix must overcome the shortcomings in the application of digital technology, in order to achieve rapid popularization of digital surveillance, and fully take the matrix monitoring application market.
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